Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)

Basic Information of Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)

CAS No.	14243-64-2
EC No.	238-115-2
Chemical Formula	AuCl(P(C₆H₅)₃)
Molecular Weight	494.10 g/mol
Appearance	White to pale yellow crystalline powder
Odor	Odorless
Melting point	~200 °C (decomposes)
Boiling point	Not applicable (decomposes)
Density	approx. 2.0–2.2 g/cm³
Solubility	Insoluble in water; soluble in dichloromethane, chloroform, benzene, toluene, THF
Nature (hazards)	May cause skin and eye irritation, harmful if swallowed or inhaled, toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
RIDADR	UN 3077, Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)), Class 9, Packing Group III
Chemical Structure

Primary Applications of Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)

AuCl(PPh₃) is a foundational Au(I) precatalyst, readily activated by silver salts or acids to generate highly electrophilic gold species for selective transformations.

1. Hydroamination & Hydroalkoxylation
    Catalyzes efficient addition of amines or alcohols to alkynes and allenes, providing atom-economical routes to enamines, imines, and oxygen heterocycles in pharmaceutical synthesis.

2. Cycloisomerization & Rearrangements
    Enables selective cycloisomerization of enynes, allenynes, and propargylic compounds to form carbocycles and heterocycles with high regio- and stereocontrol.

3. C–H Activation & Functionalization
    Promotes direct C–H functionalization of arenes, heterocycles, and aliphatic substrates, delivering efficient pathways to complex molecules in drug discovery.

4. Nucleophilic Additions to Unsaturated Bonds
    Facilitates gold-catalyzed 1,2- and 1,4-additions to alkynes, allenes, and enones, offering mild conditions and broad functional group compatibility.

5. Pharmaceutical & Natural Product Synthesis
    Widely applied in key steps of API manufacturing and natural product total synthesis, leveraging its high selectivity and mild reaction conditions.

6. Catalyst Development & Mechanistic Studies
    Serves as a standard Au(I) source for ligand screening, counterion effects, and mechanistic investigations in gold catalysis R&D.

• Superior Purity & Stability
   Rigorous quality controls ensure high Au content, minimal impurities, and preserved phosphine coordination for maximum catalytic activity.

• Secure Precious Metal Sourcing
   Transparent, responsible gold procurement with inventory buffering to provide supply stability and competitive pricing.

• Technical Catalysis Support
   Dedicated specialists offer guidance on activation (Ag salts, acids), substrate scope, reaction optimization, and scale-up for maximum efficiency.

• Comprehensive Regulatory Compliance
   Full COA, REACH, RoHS, and detailed SDS documentation to facilitate seamless integration into pharmaceutical and fine chemical operations.

• Sustainability & Recycling Programs
   Ethical sourcing practices and gold recovery/recycling programs aligned with ESG objectives and sustainable chemistry principles.

Hazards Classification

• GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity, Oral (Category 4); Skin Irritation (Category 2); Eye Irritation (Category 2A); Aquatic Chronic (Category 3)

• Hazard Statements: H302: Harmful if swallowed; H315: Causes skin irritation; H319: Causes serious eye irritation; H413: May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life

• UN Number: UN 3077

• Hazard Class: 9 (Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles)

• Packing Group: III